大鼠重组粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子

GM-CSF was initially characterized as a factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. It is also a growth factor for erythroid, megakaryocyte, and eosinophil progenitors. GM-CSF is produced by T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes in response to cytokine or inflammatory stimuli. On mature hematopoietic cells, GM-CSF acts as a prosurvival factor and activates effector functions of granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and eosinophils. It promotes a Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity. Mouse GM-CSF is only weakly active on rat cells, although rat GM-CSF is fully active on mouse cells. Rat GM-CSF and mouse GM-CSF shares 69% amino acid sequence identity.

GM-CSF最初被鉴定为一种能够在体外支持粒细胞-巨噬细胞祖细胞集落形成的因子，同时也是红系、巨核细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞祖细胞的生长因子。GM-CSF可由T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞、内皮细胞、成纤维细胞及脂肪细胞在细胞因子或炎症刺激下产生。

在成熟造血细胞中，GM-CSF作为促存活因子，可激活粒细胞、单核/巨噬细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞的效应功能，并促进Th1型免疫反应、血管生成、过敏性炎症以及自身免疫的发生。

小鼠GM-CSF对大鼠细胞仅表现出较弱活性，而大鼠GM-CSF对小鼠细胞则具有完全活性。大鼠GM-CSF与小鼠GM-CSF在氨基酸序列上的同源性约为69%。